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WABUKAN article · 截拳道

Jeet Kune Do: Bruce Lee's method

Jeet Kune Do (截拳道) means "the way of the intercepting fist". More than a style, it is a philosophy of fighting: keep what works, discard what does not, and never be bound to any form. Its creator was one of the best-known faces of the 20th century.

Bruce Lee in Hong Kong

Bruce Lee was born on 27 November 1940 in San Francisco as Lee Jun-fan, but grew up in Hong Kong, where he was a child actor. In 1953 his friend William Cheung introduced him to Ip Man, the wing chun master he trained with in the following years. He also practised tai chi and boxing: from 1956 to 1958 he was coached by Brother Edward, coach of the St. Francis Xavier's College team, and in 1958 he won the Hong Kong schools boxing tournament. That same year he fought on a rooftop against students of a choy li fut school. His street fights worried his family, and in 1959 Lee left for the United States.

Bruce Lee in 1973.
Bruce Lee in 1973. Author: National General Pictures · Licence: Domínio público / Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Seattle, Oakland and Los Angeles

In Seattle he worked at Ruby Chow's restaurant and, from 1961, studied at the University of Washington. There he opened his first school, the Lee Jun Fan Gung Fu Institute, with students such as Jesse Glover and Taky Kimura, his first assistant. In 1964 he moved to Oakland, where he taught with James Yimm Lee. That year, at the Long Beach karate championships, he demonstrated the "one-inch punch" and met Jhoon Rhee, the pioneer of taekwondo in the US.

Also in 1964 came the private match with Wong Jack-man, a San Francisco kung fu practitioner. Accounts of the outcome differ, but Lee concluded that the fight had lasted too long and that his wing chun was too rigid. He began to gather what he saw in other arts: the footwork of boxing, especially Muhammad Ali's, the kicks of kung fu and the ideas of fencing. He explained these concepts in an interview in 1965 and in 1967 named them Jeet Kune Do. He opened a school in Los Angeles Chinatown, and his students included Chuck Norris, Sharon Tate and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar.

Principles and techniques

JKD trains four ranges: kicking, punching, trapping (controlling the arms at close range) and grappling. Many see this division as a forerunner of the phases of MMA. For grappling, Lee learned from Gene LeBell, who taught him judo and catch wrestling, and techniques from both appear in the book "Tao of Jeet Kune Do".

The central idea is interception: striking at the moment the opponent begins his attack, instead of blocking first and answering later. From it come principles such as directness (the most direct strike to the nearest target), simplicity and economy of motion. Physical conditioning was part of the method: weight training, running and stretching, all adapted over time.

Lee spoke of being "shapeless, like water" and summed the idea up in a famous phrase: using no way as way, having no limitation as limitation.

Bruce Lee statue on the Avenue of Stars, Hong Kong.
Bruce Lee statue on the Avenue of Stars, Hong Kong. Author: Siesta commons · Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Cinema and death

Lee became known in the US as Kato in the series "The Green Hornet" (1966–67, 26 episodes). In Hong Kong he made "The Big Boss" (1971), "Fist of Fury" and "Way of the Dragon" (1972). The last film he finished, "Enter the Dragon", was released in 1973, shortly after his death. Lee died on 20 July 1973, aged 32, of cerebral edema, and the exact causes are still debated. At his funeral, Dan Inosanto, Taky Kimura, Steve McQueen and James Coburn were among the pallbearers.

After Lee

Lee's notes were published in 1975 as "Tao of Jeet Kune Do". Since then JKD has split into two currents. One tries to preserve what Lee taught, the so-called original JKD or Jun Fan. The other, "JKD concepts", keeps blending in other arts, as Lee did. Inosanto, born in Stockton in 1936, was the main promoter of this second line. He combined JKD with the Filipino arts and silat, and it was he who trained Brandon Lee, Bruce's son.

Family of branches

Simplified chart: many styles have more than one root.

Curiosities

In the unfinished "Game of Death", Lee fights in a yellow tracksuit against Inosanto, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and hapkido master Ji Han-jae, each on one floor of a pagoda. Lee's wife, Linda, wrote in 1975 the biography that became the film "Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story" (1993).

Timeline

  1. 1940Bruce Lee born in San Francisco; grows up in Hong Kong.
  2. 1950sTrains wing chun under Ip Man.
  3. 1959Moves to the US; teaches in Seattle and Oakland.
  4. 1964Match with Wong Jack-man; moves to Oakland.
  5. 1966Plays Kato in The Green Hornet.
  6. 1967Names his method Jeet Kune Do.
  7. 1973Dies in Hong Kong, weeks before Enter the Dragon opens.
  8. 1975Tao of Jeet Kune Do published.

Related arts on Wabukan

jeet-kune-do wing-chun mma

Sources

Original WABUKAN text, written from these cross-checked sources (facts, not sentences).

  1. Wikipedia (EN) — Jeet Kune Do ↗
  2. Wikipedia (EN) — Bruce Lee ↗
  3. Wikipedia (EN) — Dan Inosanto ↗
  4. Wikipedia (EN) — Ip Man ↗
  5. Wikipedia (EN) — Tao of Jeet Kune Do ↗
  6. Bruce Lee Foundation ↗

Images

Map, timeline and tree: original WABUKAN illustrations.